Acts 2:36
Texts with κυριος must be interpreted in its context, just like any other text.
Acts 2:34-35 is the context of Acts 2:36. It quotes Psalm 110:1 where it has YHWH said to adoni. Thus, the text is saying that Jesus is made adoni (Lord as Messiah, not Lord as God). YHWH himself is Lord (Adonai) as God.
In Romans 10:9-13, it quotes Joel 2:32 (a YHWH text) wherein the Lord refers to YHWH. Thus, the text identifies Jesus as YHWH.
Note
Adonai (literally, "My Lords" is used in the singular "My Lord" or simply "Lord/LORD" when ascribed to God)
Adoni (literally, "My lord" , singular of Adon)
Adon (literally, "lord/Lord")
Philippians 2:9
The Tetragrammaton (YHWH) is absent in all extant Greek MSS of Philippians 2:9-11. The "name (Greek: ονομα, name/title) above every name" in the context (v. 11) is the title κυριος, which means "lord" and since κυριος in this text refers to the written substitute of the Tetragrammaton, it is to be capitalised as either "LORD" or "Lord". In this case, it was not the Tetragrammaton itself ( = YHWH) which was given to Jesus but the title/name κυριος ("LORD/Lord"). This corresponds to the Hebrew Adonai (also means "LORD/Lord"). Both κυριος and Adonai are not the same as YHWH. κυριος and Adonai are mere oral/veral substitute as well as written substitute for the Tetragrammaton (the four letter name): "YHWH". They became known as names for Yahweh because they feature regularly/constantly in religious practises. The Jews first gave to God the name/title Adonai (κυριος in Greek/Mar in Aramaic) circa 3rd century B.C.E. and the Apostle Paul wrote that God gave it to Jesus in the earliest years of Christianity (Paul's letter to the Philippians was written circa 52 - 61 C.E.).
Note
1. In the Septuagint (3rd cen. C.E.), the written substitute for the Tetragrammaton (YHWH) is κυριος anarthrous (without the definite article), treating it as a name, not as a common noun. On the other hand, the articular κυριος in the LXX refers to superiors, masters.
Note
1. In the Septuagint (3rd cen. C.E.), the written substitute for the Tetragrammaton (YHWH) is κυριος anarthrous (without the definite article), treating it as a name, not as a common noun. On the other hand, the articular κυριος in the LXX refers to superiors, masters.
